DMMMSU External Publications

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Acceptability assessment of a locally developed onion harvester hand tractor in La Union, Philippines
(E3S Web of Conferences, 2023) Abad, Rosalinda L.; Buccat, Hipolito C.; Tam-awen, Zion Jemillinium S.; Pagaduan, Jessica A.
Onion farmers’ attitude toward a locally developed onion harvester in the Philippines has been unstudied due to the unavailability of the machine. Based on a respondent of 26 onion farmers, an acceptability assessment of the onion harvester was implemented. Data were gathered using questionnaires at two activities of actual hands-on operation and lectures and analyzed using fisher’s exact test. The ease of operation, cleaning and maintenance, safety of operation, ease of transport, technical field performance, adaptability, and investment viability were relevant attributes used in the acceptability of the onion harvester. The majority of the respondents positively accept the onion harvester. The user operation, cleaning and maintenance, ease of transport, adaptability, and investment viability are correlated positively to the willingness to buy or rent the machine. Conversely, user safety, technical performance, and aesthetics are not correlated with adoption. Since 38.5% of the farmers have no hand tractor, the preferred acquisition is renting the onion harvester.
Apiculturists’ issues and challenges:
(IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019) Kupsch, Stephan; Palaoag, Thelma D.; Balcita, Amy
The most significant activity of honey bees, as far as advantages to people, is their pollination of natural vegetation. Bees and other pollinators seem to be declining globally. Beekeeping in the Philippines is a thriving industry that perfectly matches the natural landscape of the country. The goal of this study was to define the challenges and issues of Apiculturists in the Philippines where-in an IT approach was formulated to address these issues. Up to now, there is no initiative Information Technology approach in the beekeeping industry in the Philippines. Design thinking has been used as methodology in this study. Several challenges and issues were determined, and it is stated that the main problem to be addressed in order for the bee colonies to have a longer lifespan is its Apiary Location, an IT solution via Drone Technology with a Computer Vision approach was proposed named as Apiary Locator. A proposed framework of the Apiary Locator has been prepared. It is then recommended for the Apiary Locator to be developed as it shall benefit the apiculturists of the Philippines. Also, it will be a basis for developing IT solutions for the Beekeeping industry.
Community-based apiculture enterprise:
(DMMMSU Research and Extension Journal, 2023-12) Bondot, George T.; Masiong, Pablo L.; Antolin, Merlito T.
Beekeeping projects fail due to several factors, including insufficient food supply (nectar and pollen) and the presence of pests and diseases, among others. Hence, rapid appraisal of bee pasture areas is vital for the success of an apiary establishment. The study aimed to rapidly assess the communities’ potential for apiculture enterprise, specifically in the municipalities of Tubod, Lala, and Sapad, Lanao del Norte, Philippines. Gathered data and information were recorded through on-site ocular inspection and interviews with some community folks using the rapid appraisal instrument. Results revealed that the communities in the municipalities of Tubod (44.78) and Sapad (43.80) were appraised to be favorable for apiculture enterprise, while the communities in the municipality of Lala (41.80) were appraised neutral for apiculture enterprise. The appraised resource factor parameters favorable for apiculture were; vegetation for bee foraging, the area available for bee foraging, road accessibility, transportation services, electricity service, and irrigation facilities. Other factors were neutral, with a few appraised as less favorable but could easily be made favorable with appropriate management intervention. The importance of rapid appraisal results of the study served as baseline information in providing timely, relevant, and actionable information that supports effective decision-making and response efforts in future beekeeping project establishment.
Comparative analysis of skills in pickleball and lawn tennis
(International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope (IRJMS), 2026) Demot, Ana Maria L.
This study evaluated the health profiles and body mass index (BMI) of older individuals while comparing their skill levels in pickleball and lawn tennis, with emphasis on serving, dinking, volleying, forehand, and backhand techniques. Twenty individuals, ten from Agoo, La Union, Philippines and ten from Asingan, Pangasinan, Philippines who were 60 years of age or older, were purposefully chosen. A questionnaire and skill evaluations utilizing the USAPA Player Skill Rating Definitions were used to gather data, which were then assessed by seasoned coaches and senior technical officials. Descriptive statistics analyzed BMI and health conditions, weighted means assessed skill levels, and the MannWhitney U test determined significant differences between the sports. Results showed that 80% of participants had normal BMI, with common health concerns including eyesight problems (55%), arthritis (45%), and diabetes (20%), suggesting that regular participation in racket sports supports physical health and functional independence. Skill assessments revealed that pickleball players generally achieved higher ratings in serving, volleying, and forehand classified as “Advanced Competitive”, while lawn tennis players excelled in forehand due to repeated rallying and servevolley drills, with overall skill levels classified as “Advanced Intermediate.” Significant differences were observed in serving, dinking, backhand, and forehand skills, reflecting the distinct technical demands of each sport, while volleying showed no significant difference. These findings highlight that engagement in racket sports enhances technical proficiency, coordination, reaction time, and overall physical and mental well-being in older adults, supporting their inclusion in community-based recreational programs to promote healthy aging.
DEH-DoSv6:
(Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2021-02) Naagas, Marlon A.; Malicdem, Alvin R.; Palaoag, Thelma D.
With the rapid depletion of IPv4 protocol in these recent years, the IETF introduced IPv6 as a solution to address the exhaustion, however, as a new protocol exists, new characteristics have been introduced and new threats have been discovered. Extension Headers are the new characteristics of IPv6 that have an emerging and re-emerging security threats that is needed to be taken into consideration during the full migration to the IPv6 network. This study revealed that up to this moment, the popular vendors are still vulnerable and doesn’t have any default protection to deal with extension headers’ Denial of Service Attack (DoS). Also, this study leads to the development of new security model which creates a new solution to address the emerging threats of IPv6 extension headers’ Denial of Service Attack. Moreover, the results of this study show that our proposed security model is more effective in terms of neutralizing the unwanted traffic causing evasion attack by filtering, rate-limiting and discarding the malformed packets of prohibited extension headers’ payload versus the traditional router protection.
Diversification of Philippine silk products for greater marketability and profitability
(Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES), 2023-11-10) Higoy, Jocelyn Q.; Obille, Pura S.
The production, saleability, profitability, and product preferences must be evaluated in order to serve as benchmark references in developing enhanced and diverse silk products that are tailored to their demands in order to increase profitability. There was a significant volume of production and sales on silk items, notably silk fabric, which remained the top sales earner, followed by sablay rentals and novelty products, earning the highest net revenue of P 306,858.14, P 98,000.00, and P 52,514.00, respectively. Sericulture product profitability demonstrated ROIs of 57.82%, 45.45%, and 30.52% for novelty goods, sablay rentals, and silk fabric, respectively. Silk fabric was loved and purchased by the majority of respondents (77.5%), followed by novelty products (18.33%). These were purchased due to the design and craftsmanship (27.4 5), color (24.17%), and general attractiveness (21.67%) of the products. These sericulture products have the potential to greatly contribute to the industry’s growth and development. Factors affecting the customers’ product preference and saleability were age, educational attainment, gender and income which indicate that customers’ purchasing decisions are influenced by their age and educational level, with mature and educated individuals appreciating craftsmanship, color, and product acceptability. Furthermore, gender significantly impacts the saleability of products hence, marketers should understand gender differences in decision-making styles, as females tend to buy more sericulture products, valuing silk as the “Queen of all Textiles”. The respondents’ higher income indicates their ability to purchase high-quality silk products, particularly silk fabrics, which are often considered more expensive than other fabrics. The study proposes that sericulture is a profitable and productive industry that can be further developed by SRDI and other small businesses through continuous improvement and product innovation
Diversified sericulture products:
(Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES), 2022) Obra, Elizabeth P.; Ancheta, Lilia A.; Dacayanan, Merlita A.; Damasco, Crestilyn N.
This study explored the production of diversified sericulture products, wine and wine vinegar utilizing mulberry fruits that were analyzed and evaluated. The mulberry fruit wine had sweet, alcohol-like odor while the mulberry wine vinegar had light pungent odor and both possessed dark purple color. The wine’s chemical properties - pH, total acidity, volatile acids, ethanol and methanol were within the Philippine standards so with wine vinegar that included pH, total acidity and ash content except for the total solids attributed to the accumulated impurities which could be corrected through filtration. Sensory evaluation of the wine was described as “Good” in terms of appearance, aftertaste, aroma & bouquet, taste and texture while the wine vinegar was generally “Liked” in terms of appearance, color, texture, flavor, taste and acceptance. It implied that mulberry fruit wine and wine vinegar are potential and viable sericulture diversified products which can be adopted as source of additional income for sericulture farmers along with cocoon production and in sustaining and accelerating the development of sericulture industry.
Diversity assessment of fruit-bearing tree species in Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University forest reserve
(Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES), 2024-03-18) Lozano, Angelo L.; Gimeno, Mark Jerome L.; Poclis, Cindy E.; Villareal, Jayric F.; Cortado, Mark G.
This study was conducted to determine the diversity of fruit-bearing tree species in Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University (DMMMSU) Forest Reserve. Specifically, the study aimed to inventory the fruit bearing tree species present in DMMMSU Forest Reserve, classify the fruit-bearing tree species in the study area, identify their conservation status, compute their importance value, and determine their distribution through diversity indices. There were 12 quadrats established with a dimension of 20 m x 20 m each. The study area was selected based on the presence of wide range of vegetation in DMMMSU Forest Reserve. There are 473 individual species identified at DMMMSU Forest Reserve belonging to 14 families with 24 species. One species recorded, Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook. f. Verbenaceae, was listed as endangered species. Coffea spp. had the highest density and importance value, and Mangifera indica L. had the highest frequency. The diversity indices had a relative value of moderate and high degree of diversity. Continuous protection of the Forest Reserve is therefore recommended. Planting of additional fruit-bearing tree species in the area with low diversity indices are recommended to increase diversity. Areas within the Forest Reserve with low plant diversity were recommended for planting and assisted natural regeneration programs using species with high importance value. Regular monitoring should be conducted in the Forest Reserve to assess the changes in diversity of fruit-bearing tree species to support decision-making and policy formulations.
Efficacy of plant extracts against Varroa mites (Varroa destructor) of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)
(Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES), 2023) Tabafunda, Minerva J.; De Castro, David T.; Pajarillo, Rolyne Mae C.; Soliba, Mishima P.; Garcia, Adora A.; Acosta, Mac Donald C.; Dangle, Emmanuel O.
The acaricidal and insecticidal effects of 12 selected botanicals against Varroa destructor and Apis mellifera were investigated. Crude ethanol leaf extract of botanicals was tested for acute toxicity using the full exposure method in a 16×4×3 Factorial Complete Randomized Design including negative control (water) and three commonly used chemical miticides (amitraz, tau fluvalinate, and thymol). The results revealed four promising miticides whose efficacy of plant extract, as measured by LC50, was in the following order of potency: Ocimum basilicum (biday)(15.80)> Vitex negundo (lagundi) (23.79) > Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) (27.73) >Gliricidia sepium (28.83). Due to their high selectivity index, they are also considered less toxic to honey bees.
Elevating sericulture:
(Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 2025-02) Apilado, Leonora P.; Hufalar, Julius Peter M.; Nillo, Rofolfo G.
The Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University Sericulture Research and Development Institute (DMMMSU-SRDI) in Bacnotan, La Union, Philippines, advocates the application of optimal sericulture techniques at extension sites to boost the income of seri-farmers, particularly those from marginal sectors. A prime example is the Sericulture Demonstration Project Farm (Seri-Farm) in Barangay Lioac Sur, Naguilian, La Union, which has successfully operated for over a decade (2011–2022) and remains active today. The farm serves as a dynamic showcase of innovative sericulture technologies, promoting sustainable agriculture, rural livelihood improvement, and economic development. Seri-farmers diversified their activities, engaging in grain and vegetable farming, animal husbandry, sugarcane cultivation, and vinegar/winemaking, with sericulture as a complementary endeavor. The initiative provided employment opportunities for out-of-school youth and community workers while catering to both domestic and international silk markets. The farm’s medium-textured soil, high nutrient content, and favorable weather during most rearing seasons supported high-value cocoon production, though larval performance was affected in 2017 by disease and climate change. Over its 11-year span, the Seri-Farm achieved significant results, completing 31 rearing cycles and producing 392.7 kg of fresh cocoons, generating a total income of PhP94,935.00. Additionally, allied products such as cuttings, saplings, seeds, novelty items, fruit beverages, vinegar, wine, and compost contributed PhP176,215.00, underscoring the economic potential of integrated sericulture farming systems.
English grammar competence of Filipino college freshmen
(Journal of Positive School Psychology, 2022) Merza, Hartwell Norman M.
Instructional materials on fundamental English grammar are required to develop English proficiency among first-year technology students. The study is organized around Dewey and Kolb's active learning theories and knowledge construction. This study aimed to ascertain the basic English grammar proficiency of first-year technology students at Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University and to produce a worktext as an output. The researcher collected data for analysis using the descriptive method and a validated Achievement Test. The study discovered that the subjects were moderately competent in basic English grammar but excelled in the correct use of conjunctions, prepositions, possessive forms of nouns, and verb tenses; they were weak in the pronoun-antecedent relationship, noun pluralization, subject-verb agreement, adverb, and pronoun types, adjectives and adverbs order, and adjectives' degree of comparison. A validated Worktext for Basic English Grammar was developed.
Enhancing language instruction:
(Diversitas Journal, 2024-07-25) Ancheta, Oscar O., Jr.; Ochoco, Cedric Anthony E.
This study investigates the implementation of Mother Tongue -Based Multilingual Education (MTBMLE) in urban educational settings, focusing on its application in the laboratory elementary schools of Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University. The research highlights the complexities of effectively delivering first language (L1) instruction. It underscores the critical need for targeted teacher training, localized instructional resources, and enhanced human, material, and financial support. While the study reveals a high level of awareness about MTB-MLE objectives, it also identifies significant gaps in the actual implementation and support for L1 instruction. These findings underscore the urgent necessity of prioritizing MTB-MLE initiatives to promote multilingualism and improve the overall learning environment in urban schools .
Exploring ICT competencies and innovation readiness of school librarians:
(International Research and Innovation Journal on Education, Engineering and Agriculture, 2025-06) Reyes, Alma F.; Siago, Sonia B.
The important and dynamic role of school librarians, especially with the rise of digital technology requires that they continually excel in competencies in both library and information sciences. This descriptive-correlational study assessed the ICT competencies of school librarians in the 1st District of Pangasinan using the National Competency-Based Standards for Filipino Librarians. It focused on core areas such as email, hardware, internet, operating systems, software applications, web tools, and the application of information technologies. The study also examined the challenges librarians face in applying these skills and the relationship between their competence levels and the difficulty of these challenges. Findings revealed that librarians showed high competence, especially in email and operating systems, while challenges were generally rated as slightly difficult. Statistical analysis indicated no significant relationship between ICT competence and the degree of difficulty, suggesting that higher skill levels do not necessarily equate to fewer challenges. As a result, a Strategic ICT Capacity Enhancement Plan was developed to further improve competencies and address the difficulties school librarians encounter in applying ICT skills.
Framing science in the time of COVID-19 pandemic:
(Informasi, 2023) Collo, Ernesto Cordero, Jr.
This century has necessitated scholars to probe the credence of science in the news reportage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this paper aims to establish the locus of science as treated by CNN against the backdrop of this global health crisis. Using Nisbet’s (2009) typology as the new paradigm in public engagement as informed by content analysis, this paper argues that CNN Philippines’ news articles are mostly framed as scientific/technical uncertainty which holds science with the highest esteem in decision-making, but it also disregards its authority for political reasons. As guided by Yanovitzky and Weber (2019), this paper also articulates that the functions of CNN as a news media organization in the reportage of science are mobilization and awareness which provoke action among policy actors through relevant information. Further, this paper offers a perceptive look into an emerging dimension for science communication scholars: the gulf between science and politics which surfaces the politicization of key pandemic decisions.
Improved feed efficiency and nutritional property effects of honey from Apis mellifera L. as an additive for broiler chickens’ drinking water
(DMMMSU Research and Extension Journal, 2023-12) Tattao, Rosemarie O.; Panas, Joseph A.; de Castro, David T.; Soliba, Mishima P.; Calimpang, Ison A.; Pajarillo, Rolyne Mae C.
Antimicrobial usage is particularly high in poultry production. Honey as a water supplement to poultry has been explored as a natural and safe antibiotic alternative. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of honey as a water supplement on broilers' growth performance and chemical properties. Five dietary treatments were used: no supplement (T1), commercial electrolytes (T2), 5mL honey (T3), (7.5mL honey (T4), and 10mL honey (T5) per liter of water. The experiment used 150 1-day-old Cobb-400 broiler chicks, assigned to five treatments with three replications of ten (10) birds each (N=30) employing the Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three blocks. Results indicated that 5mL/L-10mL/L honey supplementation led to a significant (p < 0.05) decrease of 4.3% to 7% in feed consumption compared to those with electrolytes. Similarly, using 5mL/L of honey showed 12.5% lower FCR compared with T2 and 24.3% compared with T1. However, a higher level of honey was comparable to T2, indicating that honey supplementation improved feed utilization and reduced feed cost at a certain level. Results of the proximate analysis, particularly on moisture content (MC), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), and total carbohydrates ((TC), revealed numerical differences. Samples with 5mL/L to 7.5mL/L levels of honey showed a higher MC, CP, and TC content and lower CF than T2. This implies that honey as a drinking water supplement offers practical advantages in feed consumption and efficiency and in improving the chemical and nutritional properties of chicken meat. A choice for healthier production.
Improving the quality of silk yarn and fabric using various edible oils during pre-treatment
(International Journal of Biosciences, 2022) Gaudia, Garizaldy G.; Cabrera, Excel V.
Silk, being the “queen of textiles”, passes through various procedures to ensure its quality. Pre-treatment is the process of soaking raw silk in a solution consisting of soap, oil, and water. Its primary purpose is to smoothen and elasticize the raw silk to expedite throwing operations. This paper aimed to modify the soaking solution for raw silk being used at DMMMSU-Sericulture Research and Development Institute, to improve the quality of fabric produced. The study utilized an experimental research design, using raw silk from silkworm hybrid DMMMSU 406. Pre-treatment was done using three types of edible oils such as castor oil, corn oil, and coconut oil as soaking agents with a material liquor ratio of 1:4:5:6. All the treatments passed the standards for breaking strength, dimensional change, and colorfastness. Results revealed that coconut oil had the lowest registered number of breaks, and the highest registered reflectance percentage. The same treatment also performed better in terms of cleanness, evenness, and neatness test.
Insect visitors of rambutan (Nepheliumlappaceum),Black plum (Syzygiumcumini) and cashew (Anacardiumoccidentale)
(DMMMSU Research and Extension Journal, 2020-12-01) Tangalin, Merlito D.; Dangle, Jaime; Pajarillo, Rolyne Mae C.; Soliba, Mishima P.
The honeybees are labelled as the champion pollinators.Through theirpollination services,the quality of seed set, forage crops, and fruit yield improves.Field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of introduced honeybees (ApismelliferaL.) in the number and weight of harvested fruits of the three (3) tropical fruit-bearing trees (rambutan, black plum, cashew).Three (3) fully grown rambutan, black plum, and cashew trees approximately 10 years old were selected. The t-Test was employed using 20 samples pertreatment(open pollinated flowers, T1in three (3) replicationswherein twenty (20) panicle samples were selected) togather the needed data.During the onset of blooming,one (1) standardbee coloniesmajor pollinator aside from the other insects in the area was placed within the vicinity of the plantation crops. Results of the study on the pollination of insect visitors on the experimental fruit trees showed significant differences between the open pollinated flowers (T1) and enclosed treatments (T2). In terms of harvested, percentage and weight of developed fruits of rambutan, black plum and cashew, results revealed that trees introduced with honeybee as pollinatorssignificantly produced more fruitsand heavier developed fruits than those in enclosed flowers (T2).
Leaf and stem anatomy and wood fiber morphology of Seriales (Flacourtia jangomas) at different elevations in La Union, Philippines
(Annals of Tropical Research, July - December 2025) Soriano, Reynalene M.; Camacho, Claudine F.; Olbinado-Quillope, Ruby Anne G.; Cortado, Jay Mark G.; Villareal, Jayric F.
Seriales is an underutilized Philippine (Flacourtia jangomas) indigenous fruit tree with ecological and economic potential but limited anatomical evidence across elevation gradients. We quantified leaf and stem anatomy and wood fiber morphology across three low-elevation bands in La Union, Philippines (55–70masl, 71–85masl and 86–100masl). Mature leaves and young stems of F. jangomas were collected, stained, and observed for their leaf and stem anatomical measurements. Wood fibers were macerated and analyzed for fiber length, diameter, lumen diameter, and derived indices. Several leaf traits varied significantly with elevation: lamina and palisade mesophyll were greatest at the lowest site and declined upslope, whereas lower cuticle/epidermis, sclerenchyma, collenchyma, phloem, and collenchyma layers also differed among sites. In contrast, upper cuticle/epidermis, leaf xylem, and spongy mesophyll (~260–303μm) were not significantly different, suggesting conserved internal gas-exchange capacity. Stem anatomy showed decreasing cortex thickness and layer number with elevation, but increasing xylem thickness. Epidermal hairs were longer at the highest site. Wood fiber length shows values similar to tropical species, while mid-elevation trees had smaller fiber and lumen diameters, yielding higher density. High Runkel ratios (>1), low flexibility, and low slenderness indicate poor suitability for pulp and papermaking, but support use for durable woodcraft and small furniture. Overall, F. jangomas exhibits anatomical plasticity within a narrow lowland gradient, showing its resilience and value for lowland agroforestry. This study also highlights the need for conservation of this species and further studies that focus on the effect of climatic factors and stressors.
Levels of Galiang (Xanthosoma saggitifolium) corm meal as replacement of corn in broiler ration
(International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 2026-01) Aglipay, Medelyn A.; Rodriguez, Cynthia M.; Aspiras, Mary Fe
Galiang Corm Meal is one nutrient-dense feed ingredient that is a potential partial substitute for corn. Corn contains 4.38% crude protein, 2.61% crude fiber, 1.25% ether extract, 4.68% minerals & 8.08% moisture while GCM may be better than corn since both were used together to formulate feed; hen flock bands had larger final body weights (1.565 kg) and were heavier than their counterparts receiving only corn weight gain (1.518 kg) at the end of the feeding trial. Statistically significant was revealed more feed consumed by birds compared to others with the lowest amount of feed needed/kg gain for birds that received GCM at 50% inclusion level. GCM added between 25%-75% levels resulted in growth performance, feed usage efficiency & carcass yield of broilers that were fed both products compared to commercial rations. Economically GCM available at a 50% substitution level provided the highest gross margin/bird making this level of dietary inclusion the best cost benefit ratio of the dietary treatments evaluated.
Multivoltine and bivoltine silkworm F₁ hybrids adaptable to type one (1) climatic conditions in the Philippines
(The Korean Society of Sericultural Sciences International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials, 2023-09-30) Viduya, Marlyn M.; Ulat, Maricris E.; Supsup, Gemma E.; Abuan, Julieta P.; Sanchez, Edgar P.; Supsup, Roel D.
The eighteen (18) F1 hybrid combinations were tested to identify potential combinations adaptable to type 1 climatic conditions in the Philippines. The six (6) bivoltine purelines (DMMMSU 108, DMMMSU 109, DMMMSU 110, DMMMSU 111, DMMMSU 113, and DMMMSU 119); and three (3) multivoltine purelines (DMMMSU 1000, DMMMSU 1007, and DMMMSU 1014), were crossed (multivoltine x bivoltine) in a mating plan. These were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), replicated three times, and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). A test of significance was done using ANOVA across years and Tukey's Honest Significant Difference Test (HSD). The multiple trait evaluation index (EI) method was also used in the identification of potential F1 hybrids. Three major phases were done: (1) parental rearing of multivoltine and bivoltine pure lines for breed multiplication; (2) hybridization process; and (3) evaluation of F1 hybrids. Rearing evaluations were conducted for three consecutive years. Based from the three evaluations, 10 potential crosses were identified: DMMMSU MV-12, DMMMSU MV-11, DMMMSU MV-13, DMMMSU MV-16, DMMMSU MV-07, DMMMSU MV-14, DMMMSU MV-05, DMMMSU MV-09, DMMMSU MV-03, and DMMSU MV-10. The topmost combinations with the best economic and commercial characters and are consistently adaptable during two (2) cropping seasons were DMMMSU MV-07, DMMMSU MV-12, DMMMSU MV-05, DMMMSU MV-09 and DMMMSU MV-11. These newly-identified F1 hybrids are considered potential breeds that could improve cocoon production.

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