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- Publications by researchers, faculty members, staff, and students of DMMMSU.
- A "lakasa" (storage) for the information materials related to La Union, Ilokano, and Iloko.
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Recent Submissions
Development of malted mung bean (Vignaradiata) biscotti
(Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University – Mid La Union Campus, 2025-11) Garcia, Phoebus Apollo E.; Co, Ma. Kyla Crissele D.; Godoy, Raven Janzie C.; Navarro, Jason F.; Sanchez, Martin James C.; Ramirez, Edren F.; Hufana, Zhelyn A.; Bayani, Keneth G.; Cacanindin, Geremy S.; Quinitip, Tiffany Ruth R.
This study focused on developing Malted Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) Biscotti, a healthy and plant based snack alternative. The objectives were to standardize the formulation process, evaluate the sensory qualities, assess microbiological safety, determine physicochemical properties, measure consumer acceptability, estimate shelf life, compute production cost, and design a marketing plan. Using developmental, descriptive, experimental, and quantitative research designs, this study tested three formulations of Malted Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) Biscotti. Treatment 3 emerged as the most acceptable based on sensory evaluations, excelling in appearance, aroma, taste, and texture. Microbiological analysis confirmed safety, while physicochemical tests showed low moisture content (4.58%) and water activity (0.31), indicating product stability. The crackers-maintained quality for up to 32 days at room temperature and demonstrated high acceptability across age groups. Cost analysis revealed the competitive pricing. A marketing plan emphasized health benefits, as innovation, and
Flood susceptibility of coastal Municipalities in the Province of La Union using Geographic Information System (GIS) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) techniques
(Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University - North La Union Campus, 2025-05) Bellong, Hermond D.
In response to the 2023 data release, it has become evident that a new and comprehensive flood susceptibility map for the Province of La Union is critically needed. Hence, this research examines flood susceptibility trends in La Union's coastal municipalities and explores how Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)—a tool recently introduced to all Provincial and Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Officers (MDRRMOs) in the province—can be effectively applied to model and map flood-risk areas.
The most important physico-climatic factors considered in this study include land use/land cover (LULC), elevation, slope, rainfall, and flow length. Using a quantitative approach, the MDRRMOs completed AHP checklists to assign weights to each parameter. The results revealed that the most flood-prone areas are the City of San Fernando, Bauang, Luna, Bangar, and Agoo, primarily due to their low elevations, proximity to the coast, and highly intensive land use.
The generated flood susceptibility map provides valuable information for local authorities to support land-use planning, infrastructure development, and disaster preparedness. The study demonstrates the potential of integrating GIS and AHP in assessing flood risk, thereby facilitating sustainable and science-based disaster management in coastal communities prone to flooding.
Acceptability assessment of a locally developed onion harvester hand tractor in La Union, Philippines
(E3S Web of Conferences, 2023) Abad, Rosalinda L.; Buccat, Hipolito C.; Tam-awen, Zion Jemillinium S.; Pagaduan, Jessica A.
Onion farmers’ attitude toward a locally developed onion harvester in the Philippines has been unstudied due to the unavailability of the machine. Based on a respondent of 26 onion farmers, an acceptability assessment of the onion harvester was implemented. Data were gathered using questionnaires at two activities of actual hands-on operation and lectures and analyzed using fisher’s exact test. The ease of operation, cleaning and maintenance, safety of operation, ease of transport, technical field performance, adaptability, and investment viability were relevant attributes used in the acceptability of the onion harvester. The majority of the respondents positively accept the onion harvester. The user operation, cleaning and maintenance, ease of transport, adaptability, and investment viability are correlated positively to the willingness to buy or rent the machine. Conversely, user safety, technical performance, and aesthetics are not correlated with adoption. Since 38.5% of the farmers have no hand tractor, the preferred acquisition is renting the onion harvester.
Effects of Kakawate (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) kunth ex walph.) Biochar and Oyster lime soil amendments on the early growth of Cacao (Theobroma cacao l.) seedlings under acidic soils
(Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University - North La Union Campus, 2025-05) Atiga, Margie Lhen L.; Calaunan, Jake F.
Cacao production is challenged by soil degradation and acidity, often worsened by improper fertilizer use. Effective soil management is essential for sustainable Cacao cultivation. This study investigated the effects of kakawate biochar and oyster lime on the growth and survival of UF18 Cacao seedlings in a nursery setting, using a Completely Randomized Design with the following treatments: T₀ – acidic garden soil (100%); T₁ – acidic garden soil (100%) + complete fertilizer; T₂ – acidic garden soil (50%) +
kakawate biochar (50%); T₃ – acidic garden soil (50%) + oyster lime (50%); T₄ – acidic garden soil (50%) + kakawate biochar (25%) + oyster lime (25%). Results showed no significant effects on seedling height, diameter, leaf count, root length, or dry weights after 150 days, but a 100% survival rate was achieved. Biochar and lime applications raised soil pH from 5.18 to 8.36, with T₁ leading to acidification (pH 4.54). Treatment T₁ increased available phosphorus to 34.32 mg/kg and cation exchange capacity to 38.97
cmol/kg, while T₂ had the highest organic matter at 3.57% but lower cation exchange capacity (21.09 cmol/kg). Treatments T₃ and T₄ maintained stable calcium levels, with T₄ increasing sodium to 0.74 cmol/kg. The study emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate soil amendments, such as T₁ for phosphorus availability and T₄ for balanced soil health, to enhance soil properties and nutrient access in Cacao production.
Avifauna diversity of Bauang Bakawan Eco-tourism park, La Union, Philippines
(Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University - North La Union Campus, 2025-03) Abenes, Christ Ivan C.
Despite the ecological significance of mangrove ecosystems, there is a lack of updated and site-specific data on avian diversity within many local eco-tourism parks in the Philippines, including the Bauang Bakawan Eco-Tourism Park (BBETP). To address this, the study assessed the avifaunal diversity of BBETP to support evidence-based conservation strategies and sustainable habitat management. The study employed the point count method using ten established observation points, each with a 250 m radius, to collect data on avifaunal presence, endemism, conservation status, avian community structure,
and diversity. The study recorded a total of 627 individual birds, representing 20 species across 13 families. The Golden-bellied Gerygone was recorded as the most dominant. Twelve of these species are native, four are migratory birds, two are endemic, and another two are introduced species. Nineteen species are classified as least concern, while one species, the Java Sparrow, is considered endangered. The park showed high evenness (J'= 0.88) and moderate diversity (H' = 2.64) indicating a well-balanced and stable avian community, suggesting that the park provides suitable and evenly distributed resources
that support diverse bird species. This underscores the ecological value of BBETP as a favorable habitat for avian biodiversity and highlights its potential for sustainable conservation and eco-tourism.