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- Publications by researchers, faculty members, staff, and students of DMMMSU.
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Recent Submissions
U-Net based lung image segmentation for lung disease detection
(International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 2019-09) Mique, Eusebio L.; Malicdem, Alvin R.
Lung diseases are becoming a worldwide health problem. World Health Organization estimates that by 2030, lung diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease will be one of the leading cause of mortality. Accurate and timely detection of lung diseases may prevent further death. It is therefore vital that its early detection will lead to treatment and prevention of mortality among patients. However, the scarcity of expert or well-trained radiologists reading CXR images might delay the timely diagnosis of lung diseases especially in rural areas where the scarcity is felt. In order to aid radiologist in reading CXR images, a computer aided tool is proposed for faster and more accurate reading of CXR images. To prepare the image for processing, it need to be segmented to make it easier for the computer to understand. The goal of image segmentation in medical field is to extract the region of interest in the organ. This study is focused on developing a model that will segment the lung from CXR images. Using U-Net architecture based semantic segmentation, the researchers were able to develop and train a model using a set of 562 CXR images and lung mask images, 70 percent of the images were used for training and 30 percent for testing. The developed model achieved a final training accuracy of 97.55 percent and validation accuracy of 97.37 percent. Validation loss and training loss are also low which indicates that the model can segment lung from CXR images with minimal error. The developed model can then be used in classifying lung diseases by focusing on the segmented image rather than focusing on the entire CXR image.
NIR spectroscopy detects chlorpyrifos-methyl pesticide residue in rough, brown, and milled rice
(Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 2020-10-01) Rodriguez, Fatima S.; Armstrong, Paul R.; Maghirang, Elizabeth B.; Yaptenco, Kevin F.; Scully, Erin D.; Arthur, Frank H.; Brabec, Daniel L.; Adviento-Borbe, Arlene D.; Suministrado, Delfin C.
A rapid technique that uses near-infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of the presence of varying concentrations of chlorpyrifos-methyl in bulk samples of rough, brown, and milled rice was established. Five rice varieties, free of pesticides, obtained from RiceTec Inc. and USDA-ARS Arkansas experimental field were used as rough rice samples and also processed to obtain corresponding brown and milled rice. Rice samples were treated with StorcideTM II containing varying levels of the active ingredient, chlorpyrifos-methyl: 0, 1.5, 3, 6, 9, and 12 ppm for rough rice, 0, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 ppm for brown rice, and 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 ppm for milled rice. Concentrations of chlorpyrifos-methyl were verified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. A commercial NIR spectrometer (950-1650 nm wavelength range) was used to obtain spectra of bulk samples. Using partial least squares analysis for quantitative analysis, independent validation showed that chlorpyrifos-methyl residues in rough, brown, and milled rice are predictable with R2 ranging from 0.702 to 0.839 and standard error of prediction (SEP) of 1.763 to 2.374 for rough rice, R2 ranging from 0.722 to 0.800 and SEP of 0.953 to 1.168 for brown rice, and R2 ranging from 0.693 to 0.789 and SEP of 0.131 to 0.164 for milled rice. For qualitative analysis obtained using discriminant analysis, rough rice samples with concentrations of 0, 1.5, and 3 ppm pooled as low pesticide level (LPL) is distinguishable to 6, 9, and 12 ppm which were pooled as high pesticide level (HPL). Similarly, for brown and milled rice, the lower three concentrations pooled as LPL is distinguishable from the higher three concentrations pooled as HPL. Independent validation showed overall correct classifications ranging from 77.8% to 92.6% for rough rice, 79.6% to 88.9% for brown rice, and 94.4% to 100% for milled rice.
Methodological considerations in assessing metformin-associated vitamin B12 deficiency
(SageJournals, 2026) Halog, Evangeline A.; Mangaoang, Ray L.; Aban, Jomar L.
Current underage alcohol consumption and school bullying victimization among Filipino adolescents:
(International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 2026) Opina, John Don; Briones, Kenneth Karl; Tahil, Junjun Galgao; Villaflores, Shyn Luege; Hermano, Rujube H.; Opina, Eda J.; Ogaya, Jerico Bautista; Okesanya, Olalekan John; Ahmed, Mohamed Mustaf; Bayona, Jeanette G.
Underage alcohol use and bullying are major adolescent health concerns in the Philippines. We estimated the prevalence of current alcohol use and its association with bullying victimization. We analyzed data from the 2019 Philippine Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS). Current alcohol use was ≥1 drinking day in the past 30 days. Bullying exposures included school-based, outside-school, and cyber bullying in the past 12 months. Weighted chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify predictors. The current alcohol use prevalence was20.4%. Alcohol use was more likely among males (aOR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.58–1.98). Adolescents < 15 years had lower odds than those ≥15 years (aOR = 0.55; 95% CI:0.49–0.61). Bullying victimization was independently associated with drinking, strongest for cyberbullying (aOR = 2.36; 95% CI: 2.08–2.68), with additional associations for school-based (aOR = 1.39) and outside-school bullying (aOR = 1.51). Underage drinking is closely linked to bullying, particularly cyberbullying, supporting integrated school-based prevention combining psychosocial support, digital literacy, and gender-responsive strategies.
Effectiveness of rice (Oryza sativa) hull ash (RHA) as partial replacement of cement in concrete exposed in coastal conditions
(PaperASIA, 2024-04-30) Badua, Dean Aldrene O.; Espiritu, Raffy M.; Gaudia, Nicole A.; Mazano, Ryan Christian A.; Santiago, Karen Joyce B.
Cement use and production are among the largest contributors to greenhouse gases. Thus, we endeavor to utilize agricultural wastes to reduce the consumption of cement while improving the properties of the concrete. This study aimed to determine the effect of rice hull ash (RHA), as partial cement replacement, on concrete's workability, permeability, and compressive strength. Also, it aimed to compare the changes in compressive strength before and after exposure to coastal conditions and perform a cost analysis of concrete mixtures. This experiment used three different RHA loadings (5%, 10%, 15%) as partial replacement to cement. This study concludes that replacing cement with RHA resulted in low workability and lower chloride penetration. Also, replacing cement of up to 10% RHA has comparable compressive strength with pure concrete before exposure to coastal conditions. Replacing up to 15% of RHA has comparable compressive strength with pure concrete after exposure to coastal conditions. Using RHA replacement has a lower production cost than pure concrete.