Household saving behavior in the city of San Fernando across ecological zones.
| dc.contributor.author | Parrocha, Garry Leif C. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-03-24T07:41:30Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-03-24T07:41:30Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2007 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The study sought to determine the economic, social and psychological determinants affecting the saving behavior of the households in the City of San Fernando across the three different ecological zones, specifically the coastal, lowland and the upland. The study utilized a descriptive-normative, comparative and predictive-association research design in a multi- and inter- disciplinary approach. The research was both quantitative and qualitative in characterizing saving behavior in terms of savings level, frequency of savings withdrawal and preference where to put savings. The study focused on the household profile in terms of socio- economic, socio-psychological and psycho-economic aspects. The related variables affecting household saving behavior were identified through econometric model and socio-psychological theories and concepts. To test the hypotheses, averages, frequency distribution, percentages, Chi-square, Goodman-Kruskal Lambda Coefficient and Multiple Regression Analysis were employed. There are three major aspects of the study – Socio-economic, Socio-psychological and Psycho-economic. Each aspect has categories and each category has determinants. The salient findings of the study revealed the following: The Household profile was described according to socio- economic aspects, socio-psychological aspects and psycho- economic aspects. Under socio-economic aspects were economic and social aspects. In the economic aspects were income and permanent income. In terms of income majority of the households were below the poverty level. Despite that, some were still able to save. In terms of permanent income respondents from the upland area had higher permanent income compared to the coastal and lowland areas. In the social aspects were age of the household, age of the household head, education of the household head, occupation of the household head and gender of the household head. In terms of age of the household, generally, the respondents were considered in their prime and productive age. With age of the household head almost all the respondents were considered matured. In the education of the household head, the resident household heads of the City of San Fernando were educated. In the occupation of the household head, most of the household heads were gainfully employed. In the gender of the household head, the respondents were dominated by the male group who were also considered heads of the family. The socio-psychological composed of social and psychological aspects. In the social aspects were values, cultural norms and lifestyle In terms of values, respondents were family-oriented but least prioritized community involvement. In terms of cultural norms, culture was predominantly influential to the social behavior of the households. The lifestyle of the household heads was influenced greatly by the traditions and customs giving emphasis on a simple way of life. In the psychological aspects were locus of control, decision- making, motivation and self-control. There is a manifestation of high internal locus of control and those with such had the propensity to save a greater portion of their income. A combination of decision-making style predominates in the three ecological zones. A variety of motivational factors was influencing the respondents whether to save or not to save. There is a manifestation of a high degree of self-control with emphasis on will power to defer gratification. The psycho-economic aspects composed of the savings level (in terms of percentage in income), frequency of savings withdrawal, preference where to put savings, saving frequency, amount of loans and frequency of loan payment. With savings level, generally, the respondents were able to save but in smaller amounts at the same time, incurring larger amounts of credit. Respondents manifested dual characteristics possessing both saver and dissever though there is a stronger manifestation of being a dissaver than being a saver. In the frequency of savings withdrawal, the longest duration of the non-withdrawal of savings was more than one year. It was manifested by one-third of the respondents who were saving their money in financial institutions. In terms of preference where to put savings, there was combined strategy of saving preferences was practiced both in utilizing banks and other financial institutions and the traditional way of using piggybanks and safekeeping savings in their homes. The respondents manifested a high regard in using financial institutions as their primary preference to save although they have the tendency of hoarding when they do not circulate the money to the market which as a result, is not beneficial to the economy. In saving frequency, there is no uniformity in the pattern of saving frequency among the respondents. The amounts of loan incurred by the respondents were greater than the average income of the household heads. In terms of frequency of loan payment, they pay their loans regularly every after 15 days, which is in consonance with the payday scheme of employed respondents. On the significant differences in the profile of the households on the different ecological zones in the City of San Fernando, it was observed that there are no significant differences among savings and income, permanent income, age of household head, experience of household head, values and motivation whereas there were significant differences across the three ecological zones evident on household head occupation, household head gender, culture, lifestyle choice, locus of control, decision-making, self-control, saving levels, frequency of saving withdrawal and preference where to put savings. Relationship of variables on saving levels as factor of determinants along coastal areas reveals that permanent income, age of households, age of household heads, education of household heads, work experience, and gender are socio-economic aspects having direct relationships on saving level. Income is not a predictor of saving level in the coastal area. In the lowland area, all the socio-economic variables were found to serve as determinants on saving level except for income. Same pattern was manifested in the upland area that there is a direct relationship on the variables of saving levels except for permanent income. In relation to socio-psychological aspects, all respondents of the three ecological zones identified all variables to provide relationships on saving levels. Same results hold true to the psycho-economic aspects. All the variables on the socio-economic, socio-psychological and psycho-economic aspects displayed a direct relationship on the frequency of saving withdrawal in all the ecological zones. Preferences where to put savings manifested a direct relationship on most of the socio-economic aspects except on the age of the household head and occupation of the household head. Only self-control has no relationship to the socio-psychological aspect in the coastal area. In the lowland area, only the age of the household and occupation of the household heads are not related to the frequency of savings. In like manner, the upland respondent’s age of the household head, lifestyle choice and self- control are the only variables not affecting their preferences where to put their savings. Cutting across all household profile and saving behavior of the respondents, the income and household age surfaced to greatly serve as determinants to household saving behavior. | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Parrocha, G.L. C., [2007). Household saving behavior in the city of San Fernando across ecological zones. [DMMMSU-OUS]. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://lakasa.dmmmsu.edu.ph/handle/123456789/1238 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University -Open University System | |
| dc.sdg | SDG 7 | |
| dc.subject | LAW/JURISPRUDENCE::Other law::Environmental law | |
| dc.title | Household saving behavior in the city of San Fernando across ecological zones. | |
| dc.type | Thesis |