Browsing by Author "Kalaw, Sofronio P."

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    Mycochemical Composition, Antioxidant Properties, and Cytotoxic Activity of Xylaria papulis Lloyd (Xylariaceae) Mycelia Grown in Static and Shaking Indigenous Liquid Culture Conditions.
    (Research and Innovation Department,Khon Kaen University, Thailand, 2026-05) Lopez, Mark Kevin S.; Kalaw, Sofronio P.; Dulay, Rich Milton R.; De Leon, Angeles M.; Reyes, Renato G.
    The search for promising and sustainable sources of secondary metabolites with potential biofunctional activities is important for the possible sources of drugs to treat human diseases. Hence, this study qualitatively assessed the mycochemical composition and investigated the biofunctional activities (antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity) of Xylaria papulis Lloyd mycelia grown in static and shaking indigenous liquid culture medium. Mycochemical screening revealed the presence of several classes of secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, terpenoids, fatty acid derivatives, alkaloids, and sugar derivatives, in mycelial mat (shaking) and in culture spent (static). Mycelial mat (static) and culture spent (shaking) also contain the same classes of secondary metabolites, with the former including essential oils. Mycelial extracts have greater antioxidant property (≤ 43.19±1.63% RSA) and total phenolics (≤ 47.75±2.31 mg/GAE) compared to the culture spent. Culture spent from shaking condition exhibited cytotoxicity (LC50 = 94.39µg/mL) against brine shrimp larvae. These findings indicate that X. papulis (Lloyd) grown in liquid culture medium can be a sustainable source of diverse secondary metabolites with antioxidant properties and cytotoxic activity. Further, cytotoxicity studies against cancer cell lines can also be investigated for future studies.
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    Optimization of mycelial growth of Xylaria papulis Lloyd (Xylariaceae) in indigenous liquid culture conditions, science city of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
    (Studies in Fungi, 2022-12-28) Lopez, Mark Kevin S.; Kalaw, Sofronio P.; Dulay, Rich Milton R.; De Leon, Angeles M.; Reyes, Renato G.
    The search for potential and inexhaustible sources of bioactive compounds with great functional activities is imperative for potential drug leads in treating various human diseases. In this regard, this study investigated the optimum liquid medium and physical culture conditions for the mycelial growth of X. papulis Lloyd for nutraceutical studies. The greatest mycelial biomass was achieved in PSB liquid medium among the indigenous media evaluated, such as potato sucrose broth (PSB), corn meal broth (CMB), rice bran broth (RBB), and coconut water (CW). In terms of pH, X. papulis Lloyd was observed to grow in a wide range of pH (5.0−8.5), but the best mycelial growth was observed at pH 6.5. Room temperature of 28 °C, lighted (137 lux), and static conditions were the other optimum physical culture conditions for mycelial growth of X. papulis Lloyd.