CC BY 4.0Ancheta, Oscar O., Jr.Ochoco, Cedric Anthony E.2025-12-262025-12-262024-07-25Ancheta, O. J., & Ochoco, C. A. E. (2024). Enhancing language instruction: A study on MTB-MLE implementation in urban education. Diversitas Journal, 9(3), 1295-1313. https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v9i3.29962525-5215DOI: 10.48017/dj.v9i3.2996https://lakasa.dmmmsu.edu.ph/handle/123456789/702This study investigates the implementation of Mother Tongue -Based Multilingual Education (MTBMLE) in urban educational settings, focusing on its application in the laboratory elementary schools of Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University. The research highlights the complexities of effectively delivering first language (L1) instruction. It underscores the critical need for targeted teacher training, localized instructional resources, and enhanced human, material, and financial support. While the study reveals a high level of awareness about MTB-MLE objectives, it also identifies significant gaps in the actual implementation and support for L1 instruction. These findings underscore the urgent necessity of prioritizing MTB-MLE initiatives to promote multilingualism and improve the overall learning environment in urban schools .enMother Tongue–Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE)Language instructionMultilingual educationUrban educationPrimary educationLanguage policy in educationTeaching strategiesCurriculum implementationLearner-centered instructionEducational effectivenessPhilippine basic educationLanguage developmentClassroom practicesArticle