CC BY 4.0Tabije, Nida B.Balverde, Anjellica Niña A.2026-04-102026-04-102017-05Balverde, A. N. A. (2017). Welfare status of horses used for ecotourism in the Heritage City of Vigan. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University - North La Union Campus, Sapilang, Bacnotan, La Union. Lakasa ti Sirib, DMMMSU Institutional Repository.https://lakasa.dmmmsu.edu.ph/handle/123456789/1278Full textThis study was conducted to determine: (1) the profile of the horse’s handlers; (2) the various management practices on horses relative to housing, feeding, grooming and presence of veterinary medical care and services; (3) the welfare status of horses relative to the five basic freedoms of animals and; (4) to identify the level of compliance on the implementation of the five basic freedoms of animals in horses by the respondents. The descriptive method of investigation through the use of questionnaire was used and was carried out to the 120 calesa operators at Vigan City. Results revealed that majority of the calesa operators were male,high school graduates, have been on the calesa operation for more than 10 years and most were un aware of both the animal welfare act and on the rules and regulations governing the welfare of horses, as to the management practices horse’s work vary depending on seasonality, most horses are raised through tethering, fed three times a day with both commercial feeds and forages, are treated by veterinarians and all are being groomed. The welfare status of horses used for ecotourism in Vigan City, has met the criterion along with the five basic freedoms and has a satisfactory remarks on the respondent’s level of compliance except for the indicator freedom from pain and discomfort.x, 84 p.: ill. (col.).englishAnimal welfareAnimal welfare--Law and legislationAnimal welfare--Moral and ethical aspectsAnimal welfare--StandardsAnimal welfare--Government policyFreedom (Patterson, Orlando)HorsesBest management practices (Pollution prevention)Silvestre, Juliana Q.Thesis