CC BY 4.0Bernardino, Meryl A.Aspellaga, Amelia H.2026-07-222026-07-222016-03Aspellaga, A. H. (2016). Physico-chemical properties of Annatto powder extracted using different solvents. [Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis]. Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University - Mid La Union Campus, City of San Fernando, La Union. Lakasa ti Sirib, DMMMSU Institutional Repository.https://lakasa.dmmmsu.edu.ph/handle/123456789/2238Full textThe study aimed io determine the physico-chemical properties of annatto powder extracted using different solvents. There are seven treatments in the extraction process of annatto powder. Different treatments used in the extraction of annatto powder were: Treatment I (water). Treatment 2 (1.5% citric acid solution). Treatment 3 (2.5% citric acid solution). Treatment 4 (5% citric acid solution), Treatment 5 (1.5% baking soda solution), Treatment 6 (25% baking soda solution) and Treatment 7 (5% baking soda solution). Samples of annatto powder extracted were subjected to physico-chemical analysis. The parameters were pH (acidity or alkalinity), water activity, solubility and color intensity. The pH value of annatto powder ranges from 5.30-8.27, has low water activity ranges from 0.399 to 0.529, soluble at 100°C and had color red intensity profile at different hue, saturation, and lightness or luminosity value. Among the solvents, basic solvents produced the most acceptable color. The return on investment of the annatto powder extracted using different solvents was 21.60% with projected payback period of 3.09 months.x, 51 p.: ill. (col.).enAnnattoAnnatto treeAchioteAnnatto industryAnnatto industry--HistorySolubilitySolventsSolvents--Environmental aspectsSolvents--ToxicologySolvent wastesSolvents--Safety measuresThesis